Appendix I. (23/30)
英語原文
It is probable that at some early period the Greek had two parallel uses of the subjunctive and optative in independent sentences, as follows :—
| ἔλθω | , I shall go | (neg. οὐ) | , or let me go | (neg. μή) |
| ἔληῃς | , thou wilt go | (neg. οὐ) | , or go thou | (neg. μή) |
| ἔλθῃ | , he will go | (neg. οὐ) | , or let him go | (neg. μή) |
| ἔλθοιμι | , I may or might go | (neg. οὐ) | , or may I go | (neg. μή) |
| ἔλθοις | , thou mayest or mightest go | (neg. οὐ) | , or mayest thou go | (neg. μή) |
| ἔλθοι | , he may or might go | (neg. οὐ) | , or may he go | (neg. μή) |
Although the Greek which is best known to us did not use the second and third persons of the subjunctive in an hortatory sense, there can be little doubt that such a use existed in the earlier language, as appears from the use in Sanskrit and in Latin, and from the Greek prohibitions with μή. (See §258.) In an Elean inscription we find two cases of the third person : τὸ δὲ ψάφισμα … ἀνατεθᾷ ἐν τὸ ἰαρὸν τῶ Διὸς τῶ Ὀλυμπίω, and (voted) that the decree be set up, etc. ; and also ἐπιμέλειαν ποιήαται (subj.) Νικόδρομορ ὁ βωλογράφορ, that N. have charge, etc.1
1. Delbrück, Synt. Forsch. iv. p. 117, quotes these passages from Cauer (No. 116). In p. 118 he says of this use : "Es ist nicht zu bezweifein, dass dieser Conjunctiv-Typus im Griechischen sausstrab, weil der Imperativ dem Bedürfuiss geniigte." See also i. p. 20.
日本語解釈