§130.
希求法未来 (目次)
- 128. 概説
- 129. ピンダロスで初めて使われた希求法未来
- 130. ὅπωςに導かれる努力などを意味する目的節における希求法未来
- 131. μήやὅπως μήを伴って危惧を表わす動詞に続く希求法未来の例
- 132. 純粋に動作の目的を表わす節ではプラトン『国家』による1例を除いて希求法未来が使われた例がないこと
- 133. 直説法未来と同様に、希求法未来でもἵναを取った例はないこと
- 134. 過去時称に続く目的節で希求法未来が稀に使われる例
英語原文
Apart from its use after verbs of saying and thinking, the future optative is found in object clauses with ὅπως after verbs of striving, etc. (339). Here its use is closely akin to that in indirect discourse, as it always represents thought which was originally expressed by the future indicative. E.g.
Ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως μήτε ἄσιτοι μήτε ἄποτοι ἔσοιντο, he took care that they should be neither without food nor without drink (his thought was ὅπως μήτε … ἔσονται). Xen. Cyr. viii. 1, 43. Ἐπεμελήθη ὅπως οἱ στρατιῶται τοὺς πόνους δυνήσοιντο ὑποφέρειν. Xen. Ag. ii. 8. Μηδὲν οἴου ἄλλο μηχανᾶσθαι, ἢ ὅπως ἡμῖν ὅτι κάλλιστα τοὺς νόμους δέξοιντο ὥσπερ βαφήν. Plat. Rep. 430 A. See Tim. 18 C, μηχανωμένους ὅπως μηδεὶς γvώσοιτο, νομιοῦσι δὲ πάντες (where γνώσοιτο represents γνώσεται, while the next word νομιοῦσι is retained in the indicative). Ἐσκόπει ὁ Μενεκλῆς ὅπως μὴ ἔσοιτο ἄπαις, ἀλλ᾿ ἔσοιτο αὐτῷ ὅστις ζῶντά τε γηροτροφήσοι καὶ τελευτήσαντα θάψοι αὐτόν, καὶ εἰς τὸν ἔπειτα χρόνον τὰ νομιζόμενα αὐτῷ ποιήσοι, Menecles took thought that he might not be childless, but might have some one to support his old age while he lived and to bury him when he died, etc. Isae. ii. 10 (see 134). Other examples are Xen. Cyr. viii. 1, 10 ; Hell. vii. 5, 3 ; Oec. vii. 5 ; Plat. Ap. 36 C ; Isoc. xxi. 13 ; Isae. vi. 35 ; Dem. xxvii. 40 (ὅπως μισθώσοιτο, in the Mss.). In Xen. Hell. ii. 1, 22 we have ὡς with the future optative : προεῖπεν ὡς μηδεὶς κινήσοιτο ἐκ τῆς τάξεως μηδὲ ἀνάξοιτο.
In all such cases the future indicative is negerally retained (340).
日本語解釈