§124.
希求法アオリストの三つの用法 (目次)
英語原文
The aorist optative in indirect discourse may represent—
1. The aorist indicative of a leading verb. E.g.
Ἔλεξαν ὅτι πέμψειε σφᾶς ὁ βασιλεύς, they said that the king had sent them (i.e. they said ἔπεμψεν ἡμᾶς ὁ βασιλεύς). Xen. Cyr. ii. 4, 7. Τότε ἐγνώσθη ὅτι οἱ βάρβαροι τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὑποπέμψαιεν, then it became known that the barbarians had sent the man. Xen. An. ii. 4, 22. Ἐτόλμα λέγειν ὡς πολλὰ τῶν ἐμῶν λάβοιεν, he dared to say that they had taken (ἔλαβον) much of my property. Dem. xxvii. 49. Ἠρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἀναπλεύσειεν ἔχων ἀργύριον, I asked him whether he had set sail with money (i.e. I asked him the question, ἀνέπλευσας ;). Dem. L. 55. (This form is rare ; see 125.) Ἐπειρώτα τίνα ἴδοι, he asked whom he had seen (i.e. τίνα εἶδες, whom did you see ?). Hdt. i. 31. So i. 116 : εἴρετο κόθεν λάβοι.
2. The aorist subjunctive of a dependent verb. E.g.
Εὔξαντο σωτήρια θύσειν ἔνθα πρῶτον εἰς φιλίαν γῆν ἀφίκοιντο, they vowed that they would make thank offerings for their deliverance wherever they should first enter a friendly land (i.e. ἔνθα ἂν … ἀφικώμετα, θύσομεν). Xen. An. v. 1,1 (see iii. 2, 9.)
An aorist indicative in a dependent clause of quotation is regularly retained (689, 3).
3. The aorist subjunctive in a question of appeal (287). E.g.
Οἱ Ἐπιδάμνιοι τὸν θεὸν ἐπήροντο εἰ παραδοῖεν Κορινθίοις τὴν πόλιν, they asked whether they should deliver up their city to the Corinthians (i.e. they asked the question, παραδῶμεν τὴν πόλιν ; shall we deliver ip our city ?). Thuc. i. 25. Ἐσκόπουν ὅπως κάλλιστ᾿ ἐνέγκαιμ᾿ αὐτόν, I looked to see how I could best endure him (i.e. I asked, πῶς ἐνέγκω αὐτόν ; how can I endure him ?). Eur. Hipp. 393. Διεσιώπησε σκοπῶν ὅ τι ἀποκρίναιτο, he continued silent, thinking what he should answer (i.e. thinking τί ἀποκρίνωμαι ;). Xen. Mem. iv. 2, 10. (See 677.)
日本語解釈