§101.
不定法における現在とアオリストの相違 (目次)
- 96. 概説
- 97. アオリスト不定詞と現在不定詞の違いについて
- 98. 神託による命令や警告を表わす動詞が現在不定詞やアオリスト不定詞をとる例
- 99. 「言う」や「思う」を表わす動詞で現在不定詞やアオリスト不定詞をとる例
- 100. 望みや期待、約束などを表わす動詞で現在不定詞やアオリスト不定詞をとる例
- 101. (私に責任がある)のように過去を参照する表現でアオリスト不定詞が過去の動作を表わす用例について
英語原文
The present αἴτιός εἰμι, I am the cause, is often used with reference to the past, where logically a past tense would be needed ; as αἴτιός ἐστι τούτῳ θανεῖν, he is the cause of his death, instead of αἴτιος ἦν τούτῳ θανεῖν he was the cause of his death. This may make an ordianary aorist infinitive appear like a verb of past time. E.g.
Αἴτιοι οὖν εἰσι καὶ ὑμῖν πολλῶν ἥδη ψευσθῆναι καὶ δὴ ἀδίκως γέ τινας ἀπολέσθαι, they are the cause why you were diceived and some even perished (i.e. they caused you to be deceived and some even to perish). Lys. xix. 51. Τεθνᾶσιν· οἱ δὲ ζῶντες αἴτιοι θανεῖν, they are dead ; and the living are the causes of their death. Soph. Ant. 1173. Ἥ μοι μητρὶ μὲν θανεῖν μόνη μεταίτιος. Id. Tr. 1233.
日本語解釈