§156.
直説法における格言的なアオリストおよび現在完了
英語原文
The sense as well as the origin of the gnomic aorist is often made clearer by the addition of such words as πολλάκις, ἤδη or οὔπω. Such examples as these form a simple transition from the common to the gnomic use of the aorist :—
Πολλὰ στρατόπεδα ἤδη ἔπεσεν ὑπ᾿ ἐλασσόνων, i.e. many cases have already arisen, implyint it often happens. Thuc. ii. 89. Μέλλων γ᾿ ἰατρὸς, τῇ νόσῳ διδοὺς χρόνον, ἰάσατ᾿ ἤδη μᾶλλον ἢ τεμὼν χρόα, the slow physician, by giving the disease time, may work more curse than he who cuts too deep. Eur. Fr. 1057. Πολλάκις ἔχων τις οὐδὲ τἀναγκαῖα νῦν αὔριον ἐπλούτησ᾿, ὥστε χἀτέρους τρέφειν, i.e. cases have often occured in which such a man has become rich the next day, etc. Phil. Fr. 120. Ἀθυμοῦντες ἄνδρες οὕπω τρόπαιον ἔστησαν. Plat. Criti. 108 C. Οὐδεὶς ἐπλούτησεν ταχέως δίκαιος ὥν, no man ever become rich suddenly who was just. Men. Fr. 294. Compare Dem. iv. 51. (See Krüger, §53, 10, A. 2.)
日本語解釈