§227. Elliptical Uses ofἌν
動詞が省略されたἄνの用法(目次)
英語原文
Ἄν is sometimes used elliptically without a verb, when one can be supplied from the context. E.g.
Οἱ οἰκέται ῥέγκουσιν· ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἂν πρὸ τοῦ (sc. ἔρρεγκον), the slaves are snoring ; but they wouldn't have been doing so at this hour in old times. Ar. Nub. 5. Ὡς οὔτ᾿ ἂν ἀστῶν τῶνδ᾿ ἂν ἐξείποιμί τῳ, οὔτ᾿ ἂν τέκνοισι τοῖς ἐμοῖς (sc. ἐξείποιμι), στέργων ὅμως. Soph. O.C. 1528. Τί ἂν δοκεῖ σοι Πρίαμος (sc. πρᾶξαι), εἰ τάδ᾿ ἤνυσεν; but what think you Priam would have done if he had accomplished what you have? Aesch. Ag. 935. Σώφρων μὲν οὐκ ἂν μᾶλλον, εὐτυχὴς δ᾿ ἴσως (sc. οὖσα). Eur. Alc. 182 : cf. Ar. Eq. 1252. (See 483.)
So πῶς γὰρ ἄν (sc. εἴη); how could it? πῶς οὐκ ἄν; and simillar phrases ; especially ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ (also written as one word, ὡσπερανεί), in which the ἄν belongs to the verb that was originally understood after εἰ ; as φοβούμενος ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ παῖς, fearing like a child (originally for φοβούμενος ὥσπερ ἂν ἐφοβεῖτο εἰ παῖς ἦν). Plat. Gorg. 479A. See Dem. xviii.194 : τί χρὴ ποιεῖν; ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις ναύκληρον πάντ᾿ ἐπὶ σωτηρία … τῆς ναυαγίας αἰτιῷτο, what are we to do? (We are to do) just what a shipowner would do (ποιοῖ ἄν) if any one should blame him for the wrech of his ship, etc. See φήσειεν ἄν, which explains the omitted verb, just afterwards.
日本語解釈