§226.
ἄνが繰り返し現れる用法(目次)
- 223. 概説
- 224. 強調のἄνが後文の分詞の近くにある用例
- 225. κέの繰り返しは稀であること
- 226. 後文において複数の節が同じ法を用いて併記されているとき、最初のἄνはその後の節にも等しくかかっている用例
英語原文
When an apodosis consists of several co-ordinate clauses with the same mood, ἄν is generally used only in the first and understood in the others, unless it is repeated for emphasis or for some other special reason. E.g.
Οὐδ᾿ ἂν ἐμὲ, ἡνίκα δεῦρο ἀποπλεῖν ἐβουλόμην, κατεκώλυεν, οὐδὲ τοιαῦτα λέγειν τούτῳ προσέταττεν, ἐξ ὦν ἥκισθ᾿ ὑμεῖς ἐμέλλετ᾿ ἐξιέναι. Dem. xix.51. (Here ἄν is understood with προσέταττεν.) Οἵτω δὲ δρῶν οὐδὲν ἂν διάφορον τοῦ ἑτέρου ποιοῖ, ἀλλ᾿ ἐπὶ ταὐτὸν ἴοιεν ἀμφότεροι. Plat. Rep. 360C. Οὐκοῦν κἂν, εἰ πρὸς αὐτὸ τὸ φῶς ἀναγκάζοι αὐτὸν βλέπειν, ἀλγεῖν τε ἂν τὰ ὄμματα καὶ φεύγειν ἀποστρεφόμενον (οἴει); Ib. 515E. (Κἄν belongs to the infinitives ; 223.) See also Xen. An. ii.5,14. Πάντα ᾔρει ὁ Φίλιππος, πολλὰ λέγοντος ἐμοῦ καὶ θρυλοῦντος ἀεὶ, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὡς ἂν εἰς κοινὸν γνώμην ἀποφαινομένου, μετὰ ταῦτα δ᾿ ὡσ ἀγνοοῦντας διδάσκοντος, τελευτῶπους οὐδὲν ὑποστελλομένου. Dem. xix.156. The clauses with ὡς represent (1) ὡς ἔλεγον ἂν εἰ ἐφαινόμην, as I should have spoken if I had been merely informing my colleagues ; (2) ὡς ἔλεγον (ἂν) εἰ ἀγνοοῦντας ἐδίδασκον, as I should have spoken if I had benn instructin ignorant men ; (3) ὡς λέγοιμι ἂν, as I should speak to men who had sold themselves, etc. In the second clause, the construction remaining the same, ἄν is omitted ; but in the third, where an optative is implied, ἄν reappears.
In Plat. Rep. 398A, we find ἄν used with two co-ordinate optatives, understood with a third, and repeated again with a fourth to avoid confusion with a dependent optative in a relative clause. Ἄν may be understood with an optative even in a separate sentence, if the construction is continued from a sentence in which ἄν is used with the optative ; as in Plat. Rep. 352E : Ἔσθ᾿ ὅτῳ ἂν ἄλλῳ ἴδοις ἢ ὀφθαλμοῖς; Οὐ δῆτα. Τί δέ; ἀκούσαις ἄλλῳ ἢ ὠσίν; So with πράττοι after γάρ, ib. 439B.
日本語解釈