§119. (As Imperfect)
未完了過去の意味で使われる現在不定詞 (目次)
英語原文
The present infinitive may also represent an imperfect indicative of the direct discourse, thus supplying the want of an imperfect infinitive. E.g.
Τίνας οὖν εὐχὰς ὑπολαμβάνετ᾿ εὔχεσθαι τοῖς θεοῖς τὸν Φίλιππον ὅτ᾿ ἔσπενδεν ; what prayers then do you suppose Philip made to the Gods when he was pouring his libations ? Dem. xix. 130. (Here the temporal cause ὅτ᾿ ἔσπενδεν shows that εὔχεσθαι is past.) Πότερ᾿ οἴεσθε πλέον Φωκέας Θηβαίων ἢ Φίλιππον ὑμῶν κρατεῖν τῷ πλέμῳ ; do you think that the superiority of the Phocians over the Thebans or that of Philip over you was the greater in the war (the war being then past) ? Dem. xix. 148. (Here the direct discourse would be ἐκράτουν and ἐκράτει.) Πῶς γὰρ οἴεσθε δυσχερῶς ἀκούειν Ὀλυνθίους, εἴ τίς τι λέγοι κατὰ Φιλίππου κατ᾿ ἐκείνους τοὺς χρόνους ὅτ᾿ Ἀνθεμοῦντα αὐτοῖς ἀφίει ; … ἆρα προσδοκᾶν αὐτοὺς τοιαῦτα πείσεσθαι (sc. οἴεσθε) ; … ἆρ᾿ οἴεσθε, ὅτε τοὺς τυράννους ἐξέβαλλε, (τοὺς Θετταλοὺς) προσδοκᾶν, κ.τ.λ. ; for how inwillingly do you think the Olynthians used to hear it, if any one said anything against Philip in those times when he was ceding Anthemus to them, etc. ? Do you think they were expecting to suffer such things ? Do you think that the Thessalians, when he was expelling the despots, were expecting, etc.? Dem. vi. 20 and 22. Τὰ μὲν πρὸ Ἕλληνος οὐδὲ εἶναι ἡ ἐπίκλησις αὕτη (sc. δοκεῖ), in the times before Hellen this name does not appear to have even existed. Thuc. i. 3. Again, in the same sentence of Thucydides, παρέχεσθαι, to have furnished. Μηδὲν οἴου ἄλλο μηχανᾶσθαι ἢ ὅπως … δέξοιντο, ἵνα … γίγνοιτο. Plat. Rep. 430 A. Μετὰ ταῦτα ἔφη σφᾶς μὲν δειπνεῖν, τὸν δὲ Σωκράτη οὐκ εἰσιέναι· τὸν οὖν Ἀγάθωνα πολλάκις κελεύειν μεταπέμψασθαι τὸν Σωκράτη, ἓ δὲ οὐκ ἐᾶν. Plat. Symp. 175 C. (He said, ἐδειπνοῦμεν, ὁ δὲ Σ. οὐκ εἰσῄει· ὁ οὖν Ἀ. ἐκέλευεν· ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ εἴων.) Συντυχεῖν γὰρ (ἔφη) Ἀτρεστίδᾳ παρὰ Φιλίππου πορευομένῳ, καὶ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ γύναια καὶ παιδάρια βαδίζειν, for he said that he had met (aor.) Atrestidas coming from Philip, and that there were walking with him (impf.), etc. Dem. xix. 305. Τοῦτ᾿ ἐγώ φημι δεῖν ἐμὲ μὴ λαθεῖν, I say that this ought not to have escaped my notice. Dem. xviii. 190. (The direct form was τοῦτ᾿ ἔδει ἐμὲ μὴ λαθεῖν, 415.)
The imperfect infinitive is found even in Homer ; as καὶ σὲ, γέρον, τὸ πρὶν μὲν ἀκούομεν ὄλβιον εἶναι, we hear that you were once prosperous. Il xxiv. 543. So Il. v. 639 ; Od. viii. 181, 516.
For the imperfect participle, see 140.
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