§136.
未来不定詞 (目次)
英語原文
Verbs of hoping, expecting, promising, swearing, and a few others of like meaning, form an intermediate class between those which take the infinitive in indirect discourse (with the time of its tense preserved) and those which do not. When these refer to a future object, they regularly take the future infinitive in indirect discourse ; but they also allow the aorist and even the present infinitive (not in indirect discourse), like verbs of wishing, etc. Examples are given of different verbs of this class with both constructions :—
Τρωσὶν δ᾿ ἔλπετο θυμὸς νῆας ἐνιπρήσειν κτενέειν θ᾿ ἥρωας Ἀχαιούς. Il. xv. 701. Ἐέλπετο κῦδος ἀρέσθαι, he was hoping to obtain glory. Il. xii. 407. Ἤλπιζον γὰρ μάχην ἔσεσθαι, for they expected that there would be a battle. Thuc. iv. 71. Ἐν ἐλπίδι ὢν τὰ τείχη αἱρήσειν. Thuc. vii. 46. Ἐλπίζει δύνατὸς εἶναι ἄρχειν, he hopes to be able to rule. Plat. Rep. 573 C. (Compare εἶναι in Hdt. i. 22 and 30, quoted in 118.) Πάλιν ἔμολ᾿ ἃ πάρος οὔποτε ἤλπισεν παθεῖν. Eur. H. F. 746. Εἰ γὰρ κρατήσειαν τῷ ναυτικῷ, τὸ Ῥήγιον ἤλπιζον ῥᾳδίως χειρώσασθαι, they hoped to subdue Rhegium. Thuc. iv. 24. Οὐδ᾿ ἂν ἐλπὶς ἦν αὐτὰ βελτίω γενέσθαι, there would not be even a hope of their becoming better. Dem. iv. 2. Besides these constructions, ἐλπίζω (or ἐλπίς) has the infinitive with ἄν in Thuc. vii. 61 ; ὡς with the future indicative in Eur. El. 919, with the future optative in Thuc. vi. 30 (see 128), with the aorist optative and ἄν in Thuc. v. 9 ; ὅπως with the future indicative in Soph. El. 963, Eur. Her. 1051.
Τὸν στρατηγὸν προσδοκῶ ταῦτα πράξειν. Xen. An. iii. 1, 14. Μενέλεων προσδόκα μολεῖν, expect M. to come. Aesch. Ag. 675. Προσδοκῶν ῥᾳδίως ὑμᾶς ἐξαπατῆσαι. Isae. xi. 22.
Ὑπό τ᾿ ἔσχετο καὶ κατένευσεν δωσέμεναι. Il xiii. 368. Ἐκ τούτου ὑπέσχετο μηχνὴν παρέξειν. Xen. Cyr. vi. 1, 21. Σὺ γὰρ ὑπέσχου ζητήσειν. Plat. Rep. 427 E. Ὑποσχόμενος μὴ πρόσθεν παύσασθαι πρὶν αὐτοὺς καταγάγοι οἴκαδε, having promised not to stop until he had restored them to their homes. Xen. An. i. 2, 2. Ὑπέσχετο μοι βουλεύσασθαι. Ib. ii. 3, 20.
Ὡμολόγησα εἰς τήμερον παρέσεσθαι. Plat. Symp. 174 A. Ὁμολογήσαντε ποιήσειν τὸ κελευόμενον. Id. Phaedr. 254 B. So Ant. vi. 23 ; And. i. 62. Compare φαμὲν τοῦτον ὡμολογηκέναι ταῦτα ποιήσειν with φάσκοντές σε ὡμολογηκέναι πολιτεύεσθαι, Plat. Crit. 51 E and 52 D. See Crit. 52 C ; and compare ξυνέθου πολιτεύεσθαι, ib. 52 D. Ἐπείσθην τὴν σύνοδον δῇ ὀγδόῃ ὁμολογῆσαι ποιήσασθαι. Dem. xlii. 12.
Ἠγγυᾶτο μηδὲν αὐτοὺς κακὸν πείσεσθαι, he pledged himself that they should suffer no harm. Xen. An. vii. 4, 13. Προσαγαγὼν ἐγγυητὰς ἦ μὴν πορεύεσθαι, having given securities as a pledge that he would go. Id. Cyr. vi. 2, 39.
Καὶ δή μοι γέραξ αὐτὸς ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς. Il. i. 161. So xv. 179 ; Od. xi. 313 ; Hdt. vi. 37 ; Eur. Med. 287. Ἠπείλησεν νῆσας ἅλαδ᾿ ἑλκέμεν. Il. ix. 682. Ἠπείλησαν ἀποκτεῖναι ἅπαντας τοὺς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ Xen. Hell. v. 4, 7.
Τάχα οὐδενα εἰκὸς σὺν αὐτῷ βουλήσεσθαι εἶναι, it is likely that soon nobody will want to be with him. Xen. Cyr. v. 3, 30. Ἐκ μὲν τοῦ κακῶς πράττειν τὰς πόλεις μεταβολῆς τυχεῖν ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον εἰκός ἐστιν, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ παντάπασι γενέσθαι ἀνάστατον καὶ τῶν κοινῶν ἐλπίδων στερηθῆναι. Lycurg. 60.
Ὄμοσσον ἦ μήν μοι ἀρήξειν. Il. i. 76 ; so x. 321. Ὀμόσας ἀπάξειν οἴκαδ᾿, ἐς Τροίαν μ᾿ ἄγει, Soph. Ph. 941 ; cf. Ph. 594, 623. Ὀμόσαντες ταύταις ἐμμενεῖν. Xen. Hell. v. 3, 26. Ἀναγκάζει τὸν Κερσοβλέπτην ὀμόσαι εἶναι μὲν τὴν ἀρχὴν κοινὴν, πάντας δ᾿ ὑμῖν ἀποδοῦναι τὴν χώραν. Dem. xxiii. 170.
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