§148.
その他アオリスト分詞の稀用例(目次)
- 148. 概説
- 149. 過去を参照しないアオリスト分詞の稀用例
- 150. アオリスト分詞の動詞が主動詞による過去の動作と共に事実上一つのことを表わし、その同時性をも表わしている用例
- 151. 用例の続き
- 152. 限定詞としてのアオリスト分詞が独立的に過去の時点を参照している用例
英語原文
In many constructions in which the aorist participle follows a verb in the sense of the ordinary object infinitive (not in indirect discourse), it does not refer to past time, but differs from the present participle only as the aorist infinitive in such a construction would differ from the present (96). This applies especially to the participle with πριορῶ and ἐφορῶ (περιεῖδον, ἐπεῖδον), in the sense of allow, not interfers with, and ὁρῶ (εἶδον) permit and see (cf. 884 and 885). E.g.
Προσδεχόμενος τοὺς Ἀθηναίους κατοκνήσειν περιιδεῖν αὐτὴν [τὴν γῆν] τμηθεῖσαν, ἀνεῖχεν, expecting that they would be unwilling to see their land ravaged, etc. Thuc. ii.18. But ii.20 we find the aorist infinitive ἤλπιζεν τὴν γῆν οὐκ ἂν περιιδεῖν τμηθῆναι, would not let their land be ravaged, referring to precisele the same event from another point of view (see 903, 6). Μὴ περιίδητε ἡμέας διαφθαρέντας, do not look on and see us destroyed. Hdt. iv.118. Οὐ μή σ᾿ ἐγὼ περιόψομαι ἀπεθλόντα, I will by no means let you go. Ar. Ran. 509. Ἔτλησαν ἐπιδεῖν ἑρήμην μὲν τὴν πόλιν γενομένην τὴν δὲ χώραν προθουμένην, ἅπαντα δὲ τὸν πόλεμον περὶ τὴν πατρίδα τὴν αὐτῶν γιγνόμενον. Isoc. iv.96. (Here the aorist participle denotes the laying waste of the city (as a single act), while the presents denote the continuous rabaging of the country and the gradual coming on of a state of war. This is precisely the difference between the present and aorist infinitive in similar constructions.) Ἐπεῖδον τὴν ἑαυτῶν πατρίδα ἀνάστατον γενομένην. Ant. v.79.
Εἰ κεῖνόν γε ἴδοιμι κατελθόντ᾿ Ἄιδος εἴσω, if I should see him go down and enter Hades. Il. vi.284. Μή μ᾿ ἰδεῖν θανόνθ᾿ ὑπ᾿ ἀστῶν, not to see me killed by the citizens. Eur. Or. 746. Διὰ τὸ σωφρονεῖν τῷ πώποτ᾿ εἶδες ἤδη ἀγαθόν τι γενόμενον; Ar. Nub. 1061. Ὅταν αὐτὸν ἴδῃ ἐξαίφνης πταίσαντα πρὸς τῇ πόλει καὶ ἐκχέαντα τά τε αὑτοῦ καὶ ἑαυτὸν, … ἢ ἀπθανόντα ἢ ἐκπεσόντα ἢ ἀτιμωθένια καὶ τὴν οὐσίαν ἅπασαν ἀποβαλόντα. Plat. Rep. 553A. See Soph. Ant. 476.
So after ἀκούω ; as αἴ κ᾿ ἐθέλῃσ᾿ εἰπόντος ἀκουέμεν, in case he will hear me speak, Il. vi.281 Τοσαῦτα φωνήσαντος εἰσηκούσαμεν, so much we heard him say. Soph. O.C. 1645. So also πραθέντα τλῆναι, endured to be sold, Aesch. Ag. 1041; σπείρας ἔτλα, Sept. 754 : for τλάω with the regular infinitive, see Isoc. iv.96, quoted above. So μένειν νοστήσαντα ἄνακτα, to await the king's return, Il. xiii.38.
日本語解釈